tumor English · revision 10704

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1425|origins=la tumor}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ˈtjuː.mə/, US /ˈtuː.mɚ/^(LDOCE 2009)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|tumor|t=a swelling]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) from tumēre, to swell,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(LDOCE 2009) from a root also seen in [[thumb]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A morbid swelling in the body: probably before 1425, as tumour, in a translation of Guy de Chauliac's surgery.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Figuratively, in the 17th and 18th centuries, tumor was used of swollen pride or bombast.^(Etymonline) The modern medical sense, an abnormal growth of tissue from uncontrolled cell multiplication, is now the main one.^(AHD)^(LDOCE 2009) ''Tumorous'' is from 1863.^(Etymonline) Tumor is the American spelling, and British English writes tumour.^(LDOCE 2009)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * before 1425 – a morbid swelling.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+ * 17th–18th centuries – swollen pride.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1863 – tumorous.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An abnormal mass of tissue formed by uncontrolled growth of [[cell|alt=cells]]; a [[neoplasm]].^(AHD)^(LDOCE 2009)

+ # A swelling.^(AHD)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[tumoral]]

+ * [[tumorlike]]

+ * [[tumorous]]

+ * [[antitumor]]

+ * [[tumorigenic]]

+ * [[tumorigenesis]]

+ * [[tumor necrosis factor]]

+ * [[Wilms' tumor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[contumely]]

+ * [[tumescent]]

+ * [[tumid]]

+ * [[tumult]]

+ * [[thumb]]

+ * [[tuber]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}