vinyl English · revision 10575

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=1851|origins=la vinum}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈvaɪ.nəl/, UK also /ˈvaɪ.nɪl/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from Latin [[m|la|vīnum|t=wine]] (see [[wine]]) and [[-yl]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) through [[ethylene]] and [[ethyl]], since ethyl alcohol is the ordinary alcohol present in wine.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In chemistry, the univalent radical derived from ethylene: from 1851 in Etymonline,^(Etymonline) 1863 in Henry Watts's Dictionary of Chemistry, which Barnhart, the OED and Merriam-Webster give as the first record.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ A plastic or synthetic resin made from vinyl compounds is first recorded in 1939, short for [[polyvinyl]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) though it was not in wide use until the late 1950s;^(Etymonline) a covering material or fabric of it is from 1959.^(OED 1989) The slang sense, gramophone records, is from 1976,^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) replacing ''wax'' in that sense.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1851 – the vinyl radical.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1863 – first dictionary record.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1939 – a plastic resin.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+ * 1959 – a vinyl covering.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1976 – gramophone records.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Any of various tough, flexible [[plastic|alt=plastics]] made from vinyl compounds, especially [[PVC]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(chemistry)'' The univalent group CH₂=CH–.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Gramophone [[record|alt=records]], as opposed to CDs or digital recordings.^(Collins 2023)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[vinylic]]

+ * [[divinylbenzene]]

+ * [[bivinyl]]

+ * [[polyvinyl]]

+ * [[vinylacetylene]]

+ * [[vinylate]]

+ * [[vinylation]]

+ * [[vinylbenzene]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[wine]]

+ * [[ethyl]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}