supplement English · revision 10441

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1382|origins=la supplementum}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈsʌp.lɪ.mənt/ ''(UK)''; /ˈsʌp.lə.mənt/ ''(US)''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is Middle English, from Old French supplement and directly [[bor|la|supplēmentum|t=that which fills up, something added to supply a deficiency]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) from supplēre, to fill up, complete (see [[supply]]).^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Something added to supply a deficiency: 1382 in the OED, about 1384 in the Wycliffe Bible in Barnhart.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The making good of a deficiency is from 1483,^(OED 1989) reinforcements of troops from before 1548,^(OED 1989) and a part added to complete a literary work from the 1560s (1568).^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) In geometry an angle or arc that makes up 180 degrees is a supplement.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023) The verb is from 1829.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) ''Supplemental'' is from 1605, in Bacon, and ''supplementary'' from 1667.^(Barnhart 1988) A separate section or magazine inserted in a newspaper, and a dietary supplement, are modern uses.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1382 – an addition.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1483 – the supplying of a want.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1568 – an addition to a book.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1605 – supplemental.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1829 – to supplement (verb).^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Something added to complete a thing, make up for a deficiency or strengthen the whole.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A section added to a book or document with further information or corrections.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A separate section or magazine inserted in a newspaper or periodical.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(geometry)'' An angle or arc that added to another makes 180 degrees.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To add a supplement to; to make up for a deficiency in.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[supplementarity]]

+ * [[supplementation]]

+ * [[supplementer]]

+ * [[unsupplemented]]

+ * [[dietary supplement]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[supplemental]]

+ * [[supplementary]]

+ * [[complement]]

+ * [[suppletion]]

+ * [[suppletory]]

+ * [[supply]]

+ * [[plenty]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A separate supplement, suppleness, was used in 1583.^(OED 1989) In Cheshire dialect, supplement was a corruption of sublimate.^(Wright 1898)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}