ideology English · revision 10421

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1796|origins=fr idéologie|origins=grc ἰδέα}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˌaɪ.diːˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒiː/ ''(UK)''; /aɪ.diˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, /ɪ.diˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ ''(US)''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|fr|idéologie|t=the study or science of ideas]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) coined by the French philosopher Destutt de Tracy from idéo-, of ideas, from Greek [[m|grc|ἰδέα|tr=idéa]] (see [[idea]]), and -logie (see [[-logy]]).^(Etymonline)^(SOED 2002)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The science of ideas, a philosophy deriving knowledge from the senses as opposed to metaphysics: 1796.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Napoleon used it scornfully for unpractical theorizing, and John Adams wrote in 1813 of this usage; ideal or visionary speculation is from 1813.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989) Destutt de Tracy's school were the ''idéologues''.^(Etymonline) A systematic set of ideas through which the world is interpreted, especially relating to politics or society, was in use in English by 1907, first in socialist and communist writing with reference to class.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) From 1918 it was used of socialism, communism and fascism themselves, later more broadly.^(Etymonline) The term became omnipresent after Marx's ''The German Ideology'' and Mannheim's ''Ideology and Utopia''.^(Etymonline) Hoad dates the system-of-ideas sense to the 20th century.^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1796 – the science of ideas.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1813 – visionary speculation.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1907 – a system of ideas.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1918 – a political doctrine.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A body of ideas reflecting the beliefs and interests of a person, group, class or nation.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A set of doctrines forming the basis of a political or economic system.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(archaic)'' The study of the nature and origin of ideas.^(Collins 2023)^(SOED 2002)

+ # Visionary or impractical speculation.^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ideologist]]

+ * [[ideologic]]

+ * [[ideological]]

+ * [[ideologue]]

+ * [[ideologize]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[idea]]

+ * [[-logy]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}