assess English · revision 10234

17 Oct 2026, 02:09 by bogdan “en10k b0335: scan … hint”
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1423|origins=xno assesser|origins=la assidere}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA: /əˈsɛs/^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is late Middle English, [[bor|xno|assesser]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) from Medieval Latin assessāre, to fix a tax upon,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) a frequentative of Latin assidēre, to sit beside, especially as an assistant judge,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) from ad-, to, and sedēre, to sit (see [[sit]]).^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(NODE 1998) One duty of the judge's assistant was to fix the amount of a fine or tax.^(Etymonline) Compare [[assize]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(NODE 1998)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ To fix the amount of a tax or fine: 1423, in the Rolls of Parliament, in Barnhart; the early 15th century in Etymonline; 1447–48 in the OED.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ To impose a tax or fine upon a person or property is from 1494,^(OED 1989) and to estimate officially the value of property or income for taxation from 1809.^(OED 1989) The general sense, to evaluate a person or thing, is first recorded in 1934.^(OED 1989) ''Assessment'' is from 1548 and ''assessor'' from 1427.^(Barnhart 1988)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 1423 – to fix a tax or fine.^(Barnhart 1988)
+ * 1427 – assessor.^(Barnhart 1988)
+ * 1494 – to impose a tax upon.^(OED 1989)
+ * 1548 – assessment.^(Barnhart 1988)
+ * 1809 – to value for taxation.^(OED 1989)
+ * 1934 – to evaluate.^(OED 1989)
+ 
+ ==Modern meaning==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To judge the worth, importance or extent of; to [[evaluate]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)
+ # To estimate the value of property or income for [[tax]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)
+ # To set the amount of a tax, fine or damages.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)
+ # To charge a person or property with a tax or fine.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[assessable]]
+ * [[unassessed]]
+ * [[reassess]]
+ * [[assessment]]
+ * [[overassess]]
+ * [[overassessment]]
+ * [[unassessable]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[assessor]]
+ * [[assize]]
+ * [[assiduous]]
+ * [[sit]]
+ * [[cess]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}