concentrate English · revision 10223

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1640|origins=it concentrare}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈkɒn.sən.tɹeɪt/ ''(UK)''; /ˈkɑn.sən.tɹeɪt/ ''(US)''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a variant of the earlier [[concentre]] (1590s), meeting at a common centre,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) probably from Italian [[m|it|concentrare]] or French concentrer,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(SOED 2002) from Latin com-, together, and centrum, centre (see [[center]]),^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) with the English suffix [[-ate]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(SOED 2002)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ To bring or come to a common centre: 1640 in Barnhart, the 1630s in Etymonline, 1646 in the OED.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The sense to condense, to increase the strength of a solution, is from 1689 (the 1680s),^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) and to intensify the action of something from 1758.^(Etymonline) Figurative use of non-physical things is from 1752.^(OED 1989) The intransitive sense, to focus the attention, is from 1640 in the OED,^(OED 1989) but Etymonline dates the mental sense to the 1860s;^(Etymonline) the NODE dates the current sense to the early 20th century.^(NODE 1998) Separating ore from rock is from 1872.^(OED 1989) The noun, a substance reduced to a purer state, is from 1883,^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) from the adjective concentrate of the 1640s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1640 – to bring to a centre.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1689 – to strengthen a solution.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1758 – to intensify.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1860s – to focus the mind.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1872 – to separate ore.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1883 – the noun.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To direct one's thoughts or [[attention]]; to think hard.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # To bring or come together toward a common centre; to [[focus]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # To make a solution or mixture denser or stronger, as by removing water.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # To remove rock or sand from an ore.^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A concentrated product, especially a food reduced in volume by removing liquid.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[concentrative]]

+ * [[concentratively]]

+ * [[concentrator]]

+ * [[concentratedly]]

+ * [[concentrativeness]]

+ * [[deconcentrate]]

+ * [[overconcentrate]]

+ * [[preconcentrate]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[concentration]]

+ * [[concentric]]

+ * [[center]]

+ * [[centre]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}