deformis Latin · revision 10211

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Lucilius|origins=la dē, la fōrma}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [deːˈfoːr.mɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [deˈfɔr.mis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēfōrmis''' (neuter dēfōrme, comparative dēfōrmior, superlative dēfōrmissimus); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[m|la|dē-]] and [[fōrma]] “shape, beauty”, with [[m|la|-is]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is Lucilius, of something disfigured.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Lucilius c. 180–102 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant misshapen, ugly, as in Cicero and Caesar; disfigured, as in Lucilius; morally degrading, shameful, and unbecoming, unseemly, both in Cicero; and in Seneca shapeless.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means deformed, misshapen.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used the neuter as a noun for a deformity or moral blemish.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of ugliness and disgrace.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of the shapeless.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Misshapen, [[m|en|ugly]], [[m|en|deformed]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # [[m|en|disfigured|alt=Disfigured]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|shameful|alt=Shameful]], degrading.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Unbecoming, unseemly.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Shapeless.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dēfōrmitās]]

+ * [[dēfōrmiter]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dēfōrmātiō]]

+ * [[dēfōrmō]]

+ * [[fōrma]]

+ * [[en|deform]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}