habena Latin · revision 10171

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Laevius|origins=ine-pro *gʰh₁b-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [haˈbeː.na]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [aˈbɛː.na]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''habēna''' ''f'' (genitive habēnae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[habeō]] “to have, hold”, with an ending as in [[catēna]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨habeō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*xab-ē-|t=has taken, has]], from [[ine-pro|*gʰh₁b-|t=to take]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is Laevius, and the OLD's earliest citations include Lucretius and Varro.^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Varro 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a rein, usually in the plural, as in Cicero and Virgil; in figures of speech the reins of control or of freedom, and the reins of government; and generally a strap or thong: a sling, a lash, a binding strap in Celsus.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means rein.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for a rein and a sling.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it figuratively.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of reins.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of a sling and a lash.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|rein]].^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(figurative)'' The reins (of control or government).^(OLD 2012)

+ # A [[m|en|strap]], [[m|en|thong]]; a [[m|en|sling]]; a lash.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[habēnula]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[habeō]]

+ * [[catēna]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}