insons Latin · revision 10160

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₁sónts}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈĩː.sõːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈin.sons]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnsōns''' (genitive īnsontis); third-declension one-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[m|la|in-|t=not]] and [[sōns]] “guilty”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan traces ⟨sōns⟩ to Proto-Italic ⟨*sont-⟩ “being”, the old participle of “to be”, [[ine-pro|*h₁s-ónt-s|t=existing, real]], cognate with [[sa|सत्|tr=sánt-|t=being, real]] and [[grc|ὤν|tr=ṓn|t=being]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is Plautus, “innocent”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant guiltless, innocent, as in Plautus and in ''īnsontem probrī accūsāre'' “to accuse someone innocent of a disgrace”, and in poetry harmless, doing no injury, as in Horace, and Lewis & Short note that it is classical but not used by Cicero or Caesar.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means innocent.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it also as a noun for an innocent person.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of the harmless.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|guiltless|alt=Guiltless]], [[m|en|innocent]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(poetic)'' [[m|en|harmless|alt=Harmless]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sōns]]

+ * [[sum]]

+ * [[nocēns]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}