intimus Latin · revision 10159
17 Oct 2026, 01:40 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₁én}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɪn.tɪ.mʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈin.ti.mus]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''intimus''' (superlative, feminine intima, neuter intimum, no positive form, comparative interior, adverb intimē); first/second declension^(Wiktionary)
+ Also spelled ''intumus''.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[m|la|in-]] with the superlative suffix [[m|la|-timus]], serving as the superlative of [[interior]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary traces it to [[ine-pro|*h₁éntm̥mos|t=innermost]], from [[ine-pro|*h₁én|t=in]].^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reconstructs ⟨in⟩ as Proto-Italic ⟨*en⟩, [[ine-pro|*h₁(e)n|t=in]].^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are Plautus, of the innermost and of close friends.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant innermost, furthest from the outside, as of a shrine in Cicero; the inmost part of the mind or heart; most secret, private; most profound, recondite; and of friends most intimate, closest, as in Plautus.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means innermost, most secret, close, and the plural ''intima'' the bowels.^(Stelten 1995) German ''Intimus'' “close friend” is from it.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of the inmost and of close friends.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the mind and of secrets.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # [[m|en|innermost|alt=Innermost]], inmost.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # Most secret, [[m|en|private]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # Most profound, recondite.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Most [[m|en|intimate]], closest (of friends).^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[interior]]
+ * [[intus]]
+ * [[in]]
+ * [[intimō]]
+ * [[en|intimate]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}