operarius Latin · revision 10128

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₃ep-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ɔ.pɛˈraː.ri.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [o.peˈraː.ri.us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''operārius''' (feminine operāria, neuter operārium); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|opera|-ārius|t1=work, effort]], from [[opus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reconstructs ⟨opus⟩ as [[itc-pro|*opes-|t=work]], [[ine-pro|*h₃ep-os|t=work]], cognate with Oscan ⟨úpsannúm⟩ “to be made”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is Plautus.^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ As an adjective it meant working for hire, labouring, as in Cicero's ''homō operārius''; of animals and tools used in farm or other work, as of ''operārium pecus'' “working cattle” in Columella; and in Pliny used by labourers.^(OLD 2012) As a noun it meant a hired worker, labourer, mechanic.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means working, and as a noun labourer, worker.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used the noun for a building worker, a tiller, and the warden of a church's fabric fund.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero has ''homō operārius''.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it of working cattle.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Working for hire, labouring.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Used for work (of animals, tools).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A hired worker, [[m|en|labourer]].^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A building worker; a church [[m|en|warden]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[operāria]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[opera]]

+ * [[opus]]

+ * [[operor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}