periculosus Latin · revision 10121

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cato|origins=la perīculum}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [pɛ.riː.kʊˈɫoː.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [pe.ri.kuˈlɔː.s̬us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''perīculōsus''' (feminine perīculōsa, neuter perīculōsum, superlative perīculōsissimus, adverb perīculōsē); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|perīculum|-ōsus|t1=trial, risk, danger]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is Cato, “dangerous”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant of actions or situations dangerous, hazardous, perilous, as in Cato and Cicero, and ''in nōsmet ipsōs perīculōsī'' “dangerous to ourselves”; and of an argument risky, open to error, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means dangerous, perilous.^(Stelten 1995) English ''perilous'' (c. 1300) is from it through Old French, and it survives as Italian ''pericoloso'', Spanish ''peligroso'' and Portuguese ''perigoso''.^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of risky arguments.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''perilous'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|dangerous|alt=Dangerous]], [[m|en|hazardous]], [[m|en|perilous]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Risky, liable to error (of an argument).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[perīculum]]

+ * [[experior]]

+ * [[en|perilous]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}