portendo Latin · revision 10118

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ten-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [pɔrˈtɛn.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [porˈtɛn.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''portendō''' (present infinitive portendere, perfect active portendī, supine portentum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Plautus has the infinitive ''portendier''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from the prefix ⟨por-⟩ “forth” and [[tendō]] “to stretch”, an old religious form beside [[prōtendō]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL compares ⟨por-⟩ in [[porrigō]] and [[polliceor]] and Umbrian ⟨purdouitu⟩.^(TLL) De Vaan traces ⟨tendō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*tend-]], [[ine-pro|*ten-d(ʰ)-|t=to stretch]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short cite Plautus' ''Poenulus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ A religious term, it meant of omens to indicate a future event, good or bad, portend, presage, foretell, often in the passive, as in Cicero's ''Dē dīvīnātiōne'', and also of prophets.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Etymonline gives its literal sense as “to stretch forward”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to predict, foretell, portend, indicate.^(Stelten 1995) English ''portend'' (early 15th century) is from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of omens.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''portend'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|portend]], presage, [[m|en|foretell]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[portentum]]

+ * [[portentus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tendō]]

+ * [[prōtendō]]

+ * [[en|portend]]

+ * [[en|portent]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}