probator Latin · revision 10110

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la probus}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''probātor''' ''m'' (genitive probātōris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|probō|-tor|t1=to test, approve]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨probus⟩ “good, upright” to Proto-Italic ⟨*pro-f(w)-o-⟩ “favourable”, from ⟨*pro-⟩ and [[ine-pro|*bʰuH-|t=to be]], cognate with Umbrian ⟨prufe⟩ “correctly” and Oscan ⟨prúfatted⟩ “approved”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is Cicero, who asks ''quid interest inter suāsōrem factī et probātōrem?'' “what difference is there between the adviser of a deed and its approver?”.^(Köbler 2010)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant one who approves or commends, an approver, as in Cicero, and in Apuleius one who puts to the test, an examiner, and Lewis & Short call it rare but classical.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means tester, examiner.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it for an assayer.^(Niermeyer 1976) In British Medieval Latin it was in law an approver, one who confesses guilt and accuses an accomplice.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of an approver.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it of an examiner.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An approver, one who commends.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # An [[m|en|examiner]], tester.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' An [[m|en|assayer]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[probātōria]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[probō]]

+ * [[probātiō]]

+ * [[probus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}