pulsus Latin · revision 10102

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ennius|origins=ine-pro *pelh₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpʊɫ.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈpul.sus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pulsus''' ''m'' (genitive pulsūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|pellō|-tus|t1=to push, strike]], an action noun.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨pellō⟩ to [[ine-pro|*pl̥-n(e)-h₂-|t=to approach]], with a shift from “to bring closer” to “to push, impel”, and compares Venetic ⟨poltos⟩ “moved”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is Ennius.^(Köbler 2010) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a pushing, beating, striking, a stroke, as in Vitruvius and Cicero's ''pulsus rēmōrum'' “the stroke of the oars”; and an impulse, thrust, motion given to something, as in Cicero's ''pulsū externō agitārī'' “to be moved from outside”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means stroke, beating, blow.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it for the clapper of a bell, and British Medieval Latin for rhythmical beating, as of instruments and bells.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) French ''pouls'' and Middle High German ''puls'' “pulse” are from it.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the stroke of oars.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of beating.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A beating, [[m|en|stroke]], blow.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # An [[m|en|impulse]], thrust.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' The clapper of a bell.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[pulsuosus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pellō]]

+ * [[pulsō]]

+ * [[impulsus]]

+ * [[en|pulse]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}