quadratum Latin · revision 10099

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=ine-pro *kʷetwóres}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kʷaˈdraː.tũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kʷaˈdraː.tum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''quadrātum''' ''n'' (genitive quadrātī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the neuter of [[quadrātus]], participle of [[quadrō]] “to make square”, from [[quadrus]] and [[quattuor]] “four”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan traces ⟨quattuor⟩ to [[ine-pro|*kʷetwṓr|t=four]], with ⟨quat-⟩ from zero-grade forms such as ⟨*kʷtru-⟩, cognate with Oscan ⟨pettiur⟩ “four”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is Cicero, and the OLD cites him for a geometric square.^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a geometric square or square object, as in Cicero; squared stone and a square block, as in Vitruvius; and in Pliny the quadrature of two heavenly bodies 90° apart.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ German ''Quadrat'' is from it.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a square.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of squared stone.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny uses it in astronomy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|square]]; a square object.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Squared stone; a square block.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(astronomy)'' [[m|en|quadrature|alt=Quadrature]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[quadrātus]]

+ * [[quadrō]]

+ * [[quadrus]]

+ * [[quadrātūra]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Quadrātum'' was also the name of towns in Pannonia and Liburnia.^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}