retracto Latin · revision 10092

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Cicero|origins=la tractō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [rɛˈtrak.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [reˈtrak.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''retractō''' (present infinitive retractāre, perfect active retractāvī, supine retractātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Many manuscripts spell it ''retrectō''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|re-|tractō|t2=to handle]], the frequentative of [[trahō]] “to draw”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reconstructs ⟨trahō⟩ as [[itc-pro|*traxe/o-]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are Cicero and Lucretius.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC and Lucretius 96–55 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the sense “to draw back” it meant to draw back into oneself, as in Lucretius; to unravel threads, as in Apuleius; to hang back, shrink, as in Cicero; and to revoke, retract, as in Virgil.^(OLD 2012) In the sense “to handle again” it meant to take tools or arms in hand again, as in Virgil; to deal with again, revise, as in Cicero; and to go over in one's mind, recollect, as in Ovid.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to reconsider, revise, review, withdraw, retract, refuse.^(Stelten 1995) It survives as Italian ''ritrattare'' and Spanish ''retractar''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of drawing back.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of hesitation and revision.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of retracting and of handling again.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To draw back; to hang back, [[m|en|shrink]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|retract]], revoke.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To handle again.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To deal with again, [[m|en|revise]].^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To go over in the mind, recollect.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[retractātiō]]

+ * [[retractator]]

+ * [[retractātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tractō]]

+ * [[trahō]]

+ * [[retrahō]]

+ * [[en|retract]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}