spiramentum Latin · revision 10078

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=Virgil|origins=la spīrō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [spiː.raːˈmɛn.tũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [spi.raˈmɛn.tum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''spīrāmentum''' ''n'' (genitive spīrāmentī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|spīrō|-mentum|t1=to breathe]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reconstructs ⟨spīrō⟩ as Proto-Italic ⟨*spīr/s-⟩ and suggests it may imitate the sound of breathing, with no direct cognates.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is Virgil, and the OLD's earliest citation is his ''caeca relaxat spīrāmenta'' “opens the hidden pores” of the earth.^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Virgil 70–19 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a breathing passage, air hole, vent, pore, as in Virgil; a breathing space, pause, as in Tacitus; and a breath of air, draught, as in Vitruvius, and Lewis & Short call it poetic and post-Augustan.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ British Medieval Latin used it for a breathing passage or other internal channel, a pore, an air hole.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of pores.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of a draught.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of a pause.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An air passage, vent, [[m|en|pore]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A breathing space, [[m|en|pause]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A [[m|en|draught]] of air.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[spīrābilis]]

+ * [[spīrāculum]]

+ * [[spīrāmen]]

+ * [[spīrātiō]]

+ * [[spīrātus]]

+ * [[spīritālis]]

+ * [[spīritālitās]]

+ * [[spīritāliter]]

+ * [[spīritus]]

+ * [[spīro]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}