sponsa Latin · revision 10077

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Naevius|origins=ine-pro *spend-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈspõː.sa]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈspɔn.sa]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''spōnsa''' ''f'' (genitive spōnsae, masculine spōnsus); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the feminine of [[spōnsus]], the participle of [[spondeō]] “to pledge, betroth”, used as a noun.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨spondeō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*spondeje/o-|t=to libate many times; pledge]], [[ine-pro|*spond-éye/o-|t=to libate]], cognate with [[grc|σπένδω|tr=spéndō|t=to pour a libation]] and [[hit|išpant-|t=to libate]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is Naevius, and Gaffiot cites Plautus and Terence.^(Köbler 2010)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Naevius c. 235–200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a woman promised in marriage, a betrothed, fiancée, as in Plautus, Terence and Horace.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means bride.^(Stelten 1995) It survives as Italian ''sposa'', Spanish and Portuguese ''esposa'' and French ''épouse'', and English ''spouse'' (c. 1200) is from it through Old French.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''spouse'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A betrothed woman, [[m|en|fiancée]].^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A [[m|en|bride]].^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[spōnsō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[spondeō]]

+ * [[spōnsālia]]

+ * [[spōnsiō]]

+ * [[spōnsor]]

+ * [[spōnsum]]

+ * [[spōnsus]]

+ * [[en|spouse]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}