trepido Latin · revision 10057

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la trepidus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈtrɛ.pɪ.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈtrɛː.pi.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''trepidō''' (present infinitive trepidāre, perfect active trepidāvī, supine trepidātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|trepidus|-ō|t1=alarmed, anxious]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is Plautus, of panic.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to act in alarm, panic, be in confusion, as in Plautus; to be anxious, apprehensive, as in Lucilius; to tremble, quiver, as in Lucretius; and to hurry, scurry, bustle, as in Virgil.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to tremble, be agitated, swarm about.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it of anxiety.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of trembling.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of bustling.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|panic]], be in alarm.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To hurry, [[m|en|bustle]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|tremble]], quiver.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To be anxious.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[attrepido]]

+ * [[intrepidans]]

+ * [[praetrepidō]]

+ * [[trepidātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[trepidus]]

+ * [[intrepidus]]

+ * [[en|trepidation]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}