veneror Latin · revision 10052
17 Oct 2026, 01:38 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *wenh₁-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈwɛ.nɛ.rɔr]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈvɛː.ne.ror]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''veneror''' (present infinitive venerārī, perfect active venerātus sum); first conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)
+ An active ''venerō'' also occurs.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from a neuter noun ⟨*venus⟩, perhaps originally “propitiatory charm”, whence [[Venus]], with [[m|la|-or]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reconstructs ⟨venus⟩ as [[itc-pro|*wenos-]], [[ine-pro|*wenh₁-os|t=desire]], from [[ine-pro|*wenh₁-|t=to strive, wish, love]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Lewis & Short compare English ⟨wish⟩.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is Plautus, of seeking a god's favour.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant originally to seek the goodwill of a god by worship, and so to worship, pray to, entreat, as in Plautus; to pay homage to rulers treated as divine, as in Nepos; to revere, venerate persons or things, as of a statue in Cicero and in Horace; and, formed anew from [[Venus]], to have sexual intercourse.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to venerate, worship, honour, revere, pray to, implore.^(Stelten 1995) English ''venerate'' (1620s) is from its participle ''venerātus'', and it survives as Spanish ''venerar'' and French ''vénérer''.^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of worship.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 100–24 BC – Nepos uses it of homage to rulers.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of reverence.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1620s – English ''venerate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To [[m|en|worship]], pray to, entreat.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)
+ # To pay [[m|en|homage]] to.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To revere, [[m|en|venerate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # To have sexual intercourse.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[dēveneror]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[Venus]]
+ * [[venia]]
+ * [[venerātiō]]
+ * [[en|venerate]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}