substo Latin · revision 10020

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Terence|origins=ine-pro *steh₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsʊp.stoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsub.sto]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''substō''' (present infinitive substāre, perfect active substetī, supine substatum); first conjugation, impersonal in the passive^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|sub-|stō|t2=to stand]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨stō⟩ to Proto-Italic ⟨*sta-ē-je/o-⟩, from [[ine-pro|*steh₂-|t=to stand]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is Terence, apparently “to stand firm”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Terence 190–159 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant apparently to hold one's ground, stand firm, as in Terence, and in Celsus to be underneath, to be present, exist, and Lewis & Short call it very rare and not in Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) The OLD assigns all perfect forms to [[subsistō]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It survives as Italian ''sostare'' “to pause”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To stand firm.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # To be underneath; to be present, exist.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[substantia]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[stō]]

+ * [[subsistō]]

+ * [[en|substance]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}