votivus Latin · revision 10006

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=ine-pro *h₁wegʷʰ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [woːˈtiː.wʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [voˈtiː.vus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vōtīvus''' (feminine vōtīva, neuter vōtīvum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|vōtum|-īvus|t1=vow]], from [[voveō]] “to vow”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨voveō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*wow-eje/o-|t=to promise]], [[ine-pro|*h₁wogʷʰ-éye-|t=to promise]], cognate with [[sa|ओहते|tr=óhate|t=praises]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is Cicero, ''lūdī vōtīvī'' “games vowed”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant offered or performed in fulfilment of a vow, votive, as of games in Cicero and a votive tablet in Horace, and in Apuleius granted in answer to prayer, wished for.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means votive, devotional.^(Stelten 1995) English ''votive'' (1590s) is from it through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero has ''lūdī vōtīvī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace has ''tabula vōtīva''.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1590s – English ''votive'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Vowed, [[m|en|votive]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Answering one's prayers, wished for.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[vōtīvitās]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vōtifer]]

+ * [[vōtum]]

+ * [[vōtus]]

+ * [[voveō]]

+ * [[dēvōtus]]

+ * [[en|votive]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}