vacuitas Latin · revision 10005

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=ine-pro *h₁weh₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [waˈku.ɪ.taːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [vaˈkuː.i.tas]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vacuitās''' ''f'' (genitive vacuitātis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|vacuus|-tās|t1=empty]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reconstructs a Proto-Italic adjective ⟨*wako-⟩ “empty”, from [[ine-pro|*h₁uh₂-ko-]], behind [[vacō]] and ⟨vacuus⟩, with Umbrian ⟨anter.vakaze⟩ “let there be an interruption” as a cognate.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is Cicero, and the OLD's earliest citations include Cicero and Vitruvius.^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant an unoccupied state, emptiness, an empty space, as in Vitruvius; freedom from something undesirable, as in Cicero's ''vacuitās dolōris'' “absence of pain”; and freedom from occupation, leisure.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it means vanity, emptiness.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it for leisure, idleness.^(Niermeyer 1976) English ''vacuity'' (late 14th century) is from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of freedom from pain.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of empty space.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''vacuity'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|emptiness|alt=Emptiness]], empty space, [[m|en|vacuity]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Freedom (from something), absence.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|leisure|alt=Leisure]].^(OLD 2012)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vacuus]]

+ * [[vacō]]

+ * [[en|vacuity]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}