undique

Forms

undique (not comparable)^[1]

Etymology

It is formed from unde “whence” and the generalizing particle -que, first “from wherever”.^[2][3][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Ennius has undique conveniunt velut imber tēla tribūnō, “from all sides the weapons converge on the tribune like rain”.^[2] Köbler dates it from Plautus.^[4]

Semantic evolution

Undique is “from all sides, from every direction”, then “on every side” (an island with exits to the sea on all sides), “from every place” and, figuratively, “in every respect” (Cicero: ō rem undique miseram, “oh, a situation wretched in every way”).^[2][3][1] The jurist Gaius uses it for “on both sides” of a family.^[2]

Church Latin glosses it “on every side, on all sides”.^[5]

Timeline

• 204–169 BC – Ennius: undique conveniunt velut imber tēla tribūnō.^[2][4]
• 81–43 BC – Cicero: ō rem undique miseram.^[2][4]

Meanings

Adverb

1. From all sides, from every direction.^[2][3][1]
2. On every side, all around, everywhere.^[2][3][1][5]
3. From every place.^[2]
4. In every respect, completely.^[2][1]
5. On both sides (of a family).^[2]

Word family

• circumundique
• undiqueuersum

Related words

• quisque
• unde
• ubīque

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g h Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b c d Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
4. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
5. ^ a b Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson