Etymologically
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tutorius

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Pronunciation

  • Classical: [tuːˈtoː.ri.ʊs][1]
  • Ecclesiastical: [tuˈtɔː.ri.us][1]

Forms

tūtōrius (feminine tūtōria, neuter tūtōrium); first/second-declension adjective[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin tūtor1 + -ius, from the noun for a guardian.[2][1][3] Köbler traces the family to tueor (“to watch over”).[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler records it first from Juvenal.[4] The dictionaries quote it in the legal phrase tutorio nomine, “in the capacity of a guardian”, from the jurist Gaius and Justin, who speaks of governing a kingdom in a guardian's name.[5][6]

Semantic evolution

The adjective belongs to the law of guardianship: it meant “of a tutor or legal guardian”.[2][6] Georges records inscriptions with a masculine noun tutorius “protector”, as an epithet of Jupiter, and a feminine tutoria “protectress”;[3] the OLD instead takes tutoria doubtfully as a woman appointed by, or connected with, a guardian.[2]

In Medieval Latin it kept the sense “of a guardian or protector”: the DMLBS quotes it from the Gascon rolls of 1285 and a text of 1517.[7] Italian tutorio comes from the post-Classical word.[5]

Timeline

  • c. 67–c. 127 AD – Köbler's first record, in Juvenal.[4]
  • 140–180 AD – The jurist Gaius uses tutorio nomine.[5][4]
  • 1285 – The Gascon rolls use nomine tutorio of someone acting for children.[7]

Meanings

Adjective

  1. Of or belonging to a guardian or legal tutor;[2][6][5] tutorio nomine, in the capacity of a guardian.[2][6][5]
  2. (as a noun, feminine, in inscriptions) Uncertain: a woman appointed by or connected with a guardian (OLD), or a protectress (Georges).[2][3]
  3. (as a noun, masculine, in inscriptions) A protector, as an epithet of Jupiter.[3]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ a b c d Georges, Karl Ernst (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th ed., ed. Heinrich Georges, Hannover; Leipzig: Hahn
  4. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  5. ^ a b c d e Conte, Gian Biagio; Pianezzola, Emilio; Ranucci, Giuliano (2010), il Latino: Vocabolario della lingua latina, 3rd ed., Florence: Le Monnier
  6. ^ a b c d Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  7. ^ a b Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press