tuitio

Forms

tuitiō f (genitive tuitiōnis); third declension^[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin tueor (“to watch over, protect”) + -tiō,^[2][3] formed on the participle tuitus.^[1]

Earliest recorded meaning

Cicero is the first author cited for it: in the Topica he speaks of tuitio sui, the protection of oneself.^[4][3][5][6]

Semantic evolution

In Classical and later Latin it meant guarding and protection in general, often protection given under the law, such as the protection a praetor grants.^[2][4][3] Inscriptions also use it for the upkeep of a building.^[2][7] Late authors speak of the protection of a house or of the Roman Empire,^[3] and Calcidius uses it once for direct seeing, the other sense of tueor.^[7]

In medieval Latin it was the protection given to a person and also guardianship;^[8] British documents use it for the protection of persons, places, rights and privileges.^[9] English borrowed it through Anglo-French in the early 15th century as tuition, “protection, custody”.^[10]

Timeline

• 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of the protection of oneself.^[4][6]
• 417/418 AD – Orosius writes of the protection of the Roman Empire.^[3][6]
• first half of the 5th century AD – Macrobius speaks of the protection of modesty.^[4][5][6]
• 533 AD – The Digest uses it of the protection a praetor gives.^[4][3][6]
• 1167 – A letter of John of Salisbury speaks of the protection of liberty.^[9]
• early 15th century – Borrowed into English as tuition, “protection, custody”.^[10]

Meanings

Noun

1. Protection, defence, guarding; especially protection in matters of law.^[2][4][11]
2. The upkeep or maintenance of a building.^[2][7]
3. Keeping, preserving.^[4][3]
4. (Late Latin) Direct seeing.^[7]
5. (Medieval Latin) Guardianship.^[8]

Related words

• English tuition

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b c d e f g Georges, Karl Ernst (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th ed., ed. Heinrich Georges, Hannover; Leipzig: Hahn
4. ^ a b c d e f g Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
5. ^ a b Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
6. ^ a b c d e Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
7. ^ a b c d Conte, Gian Biagio; Pianezzola, Emilio; Ranucci, Giuliano (2010), il Latino: Vocabolario della lingua latina, 3rd ed., Florence: Le Monnier
8. ^ a b Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill
9. ^ a b Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press
10. ^ a b Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
11. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson