tegula
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Pronunciation
Forms
tēgula f (genitive tēgulae); first declension[1]
Etymology
It is from tegō “to cover” with the suffix -ula, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg- (“to cover”).[2][1][3][4]
Earliest recorded meaning
Köbler's first source is Cicero, whom he dates 81–43 BC.[5][4]
Semantic evolution
It meant a roof tile, and in the plural a tiled roof, as in Cicero and Livy.[2][4] In Tacitus it meant a facing tile for walls.[2] Gaffiot also gives a hollow tile on which meat was roasted.[4]
In Medieval Latin it was a tile for roofs, walls or paving.[6] It survives in Portuguese telha and Spanish teja, and Italian tegola.[1] It was borrowed early into Germanic, giving Old English tigele, the source of English tile.[3]
Timeline
- 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of roof tiles.[4][5]
- 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses the plural of a roof.[4][5]
- 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of wall tiles.[2][5]
- early 14th century – English tile is recorded, from Old English tigele.[3]
Meanings
Noun
Word family
- tēgulārius
- tēgulīcius
- tegulum
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^ a b c Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
- ^ a b c d e f g Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
- ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
- ^ Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press