Etymologically
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tabernarius

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Pronunciation

  • IPA (Classical): [ta.bɛrˈnaː.ri.ʊs][1]
  • IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ta.berˈnaː.ri.us][1]

Forms

tabernārius (feminine tabernāria, neuter tabernārium); first/second-declension adjective[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin taberna (“booth, shop, inn”) + -ārius.[2][1] De Vaan explains ⟨taberna⟩ as ⟨*trab-erna⟩, from trabs “beam”, with dissimilation, originally “wooden shed”.[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler's earliest source is Cicero, and Gaffiot cites his Prō Flaccō.[4][5] Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.[4]

Semantic evolution

As a noun it meant the keeper of a booth or shop, a shopkeeper, tradesman, as in Cicero.[2][5] As an adjective it meant of a shop, typical of shopkeepers, low, common, as in Apuleius, and tabernāria (fābula) was a low type of comedy.[2][6][5]

British Medieval Latin used it of taverns and tavern-keepers.[7] It survives as French tavernier, Italian tavernaio and Spanish tabernero.[1]

Timeline

  • 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of shopkeepers.[5][4]
  • c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it of the low and common.[5][4]

Meanings

Noun

  1. A shopkeeper, tradesman.[2][5]

Adjective

  1. Of shopkeepers; low, common.[2][6]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  4. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  5. ^ a b c d e f Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
  6. ^ a b Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  7. ^ Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press