Etymologically
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subveho

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Pronunciation

  • Classical: [ˈsʊb.we.(ɦ)oː][1]
  • Ecclesiastical: [ˈsub.ve.o][1]

Forms

subvehō (present infinitive subvehere, perfect active subvē̆xī, supine subvectum); third conjugation[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin sub- + vehō (“to carry”).[2][1] De Vaan traces vehō to Proto-Italic *weχ-e/o- and Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to carry”).[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Lucretius uses it of a current of air that carries an orb upward.[2]

Semantic evolution

It is to carry up from below, and in the passive to move upward.[2] More often it is to bring supplies to a place thought of as higher, especially upstream: Caesar has grain brought up the Arar by ship.[2] In the passive it is to sail upstream, as in Virgil's overcoming a river with oars.[2] Lewis & Short note that it is not frequent until after Augustus and is not used by Cicero.[4] Church Latin glosses it to bring up from below.[5]

Timeline

  • 96–55 BC – Lucretius of air carrying an orb upward.[2]
  • c. 50 BC – Caesar of grain brought upstream.[2][6]
  • 70–19 BC – Virgil of rowing upstream.[2]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To carry up, convey upward.[2][4][1][5]
  2. To bring (supplies) to a place, especially upstream;[2][4][1] (passive) to sail upstream.[2][4][1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  4. ^ a b c d Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  5. ^ a b Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
  6. ^ Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de