Etymologically
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senecta

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Pronunciation

  • Classical: [sɛˈnɛk.ta][1]
  • Ecclesiastical: [seˈnɛk.ta][1]

Forms

senecta f (genitive senectae); first declension[1]

Etymology

It is the feminine of the adjective senectus (“old”), used as a noun.[2][1] The adjective comes from senex (“old man”), which de Vaan traces to Proto-Italic *seno- (“old”) and Proto-Indo-European *sen- (“old”), cognate with Old Irish sen (“old”), Sanskrit सन (sána-, “old”), Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos, “of last year”), Lithuanian sẽnas (“old”) and Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs, “old, elder”).[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Plautus is its first author,[4] with in senectā, “in old age”, in the Miles gloriosus: “I am ashamed to put this worry on you in your old age”.[2]

Semantic evolution

It is the period of old age and the condition of being old, as Horace's “piety will bring no delay to wrinkles and pressing old age”.[2][5] Virgil uses it almost concretely of an old man, Daunī miserēre senectae, “pity the old age of Daunus”.[2] Pliny the Elder calls the skin that a snake casts off its senecta.[2]

Timeline

  • c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of old age.[2][4]
  • 70–19 BC – Virgil of an old man.[2][4]
  • 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of a snake's slough.[2][4]

Meanings

Noun

  1. Old age; oldness;[2][5][1] (concrete) an old person.[2][5][1]
  2. The slough cast off by a snake.[2]

Usage notes

Lewis and Short treat it under the noun senectūs, “old age”, of which it is a poetic equivalent.[5]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  4. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  5. ^ a b c d Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press