Etymologically
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repletus

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Forms

replētus (feminine replēta, neuter replētum); first/second-declension adjective.[1][2]

Etymology

It is from Latin repleō (“to fill up, stuff”), used as an adjective: the past participle of that verb.[1][2][3] The verb is a compound of re- and ⟨-pleō⟩ “to fill”, which de Vaan derives from a root aorist Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”); the same root gives plēnus (“full”).[4]

Cognate with Ancient Greek πίμπλησι (pímplēsi, “fills”) and Sanskrit पृणाति (pr̥ṇā́ti, “fills”).[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

The OLD's earliest quotations are from Lucretius and Sallust, meaning full of something:[1] Lucretius speaks of things the more full of roughness, and Sallust of open gates and fields full of farmers (repleta arva cultoribus).[1][3]

Semantic evolution

It means full or filled, with an ablative or a genitive: Livy has streets full of boys and women, Lucretius an old race full of piety, and Caesar an army well supplied with provisions.[1][5][3] Livy also uses it figuratively of people infected with the same disease.[5] In Celsus it describes a well filled-out body, which he says is more liable to fever.[1]

Timeline

  • 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of things full of roughness.[1][6]
  • 86–34 BC – Sallust uses it of fields full of farmers.[1][6]
  • 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of streets full of people.[1][6]
  • 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it of a well-fed body.[1][6]

Meanings

Adjective

  1. Full (of), filled (with); fully endowed with.[1][2][7]
  2. Well provided with.[5]
  3. (of the body) Well filled out, plump.[1]

Usage notes

The TLL also records a rare 4th-declension noun replētus, “a filling”, in Vindicianus.[8]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  2. ^ a b c Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  3. ^ a b c Bianchi, Rossella; Lelli, Olga (2014), VOLI: Vocabolario di latino, Florence: Le Monnier
  4. ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  5. ^ a b c Lewis, Charlton T. (1890), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: American Book Company
  6. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  7. ^ Simpson, D. P. (1959), Cassell's New Latin Dictionary, London: Cassell
  8. ^ Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften