repleo
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Pronunciation
Forms
repleō (present infinitive replēre, perfect active replēvī, supine replētum); second conjugation[1] Plautus has the spelling reppl-.[2]
Etymology
It is from re- “again” and ⟨pleō⟩ “to fill”.[2][1][3]
Earliest recorded meaning
The OLD's earliest citation for filling up is from Lucretius, whom Köbler dates 96–55 BC.[2][4]
Semantic evolution
It meant to refill, replenish, as in Cicero, and in Livy to bring up to full strength.[2] In Lucretius it meant to fill up a space, and to fill a place with sound or light, in Virgil to sate with food, in Celsus to make swell, and in law to complete.[2]
In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to fill, satisfy, refill, complete, replenish.[5] It was borrowed into Italian replere.[1] Its participle replētus gave English replete in the late 14th century.[3]
Timeline
- 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of filling.[2][4]
- 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of refilling.[2][4]
- 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of bringing up to strength.[2][4]
- late 14th century – English replete is recorded.[3]
Meanings
Verb
- To refill, replenish.[2]
- To bring up to strength; to make up.[2]
- To fill up; to fill (with sound or light).[2]
- To sate.[2]
- To make swell.[2]
Word family
- irrepletus
- replētiō
- replētus
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^ a b c Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
- ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
- ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson