podagricus

Forms

podagricus (feminine podagrica, neuter podagricum); first and second declension^[1] Some medieval manuscripts spell it podacricus.^[2]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ποδαγρικός (podagrikós, “gouty”).^[1][3][4] The grammarian Charisius says it is named from a disease of the feet.^[2] The related noun is podagra, “gout”.^[5]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler records it first in Laberius,^[6] who uses it as a noun, “a gouty man”.^[7]

Semantic evolution

It means suffering from gout,^[1] as of people in Vitruvius^[7] and in Seneca's remark that so many women are gouty and bald.^[5][7] As a noun it is a gouty person, in Celsus and Petronius, who writes that the gouty curse their feet, as people with gout in the hands curse their hands.^[5][8] Pliny the Elder uses it of ailments of the feet.^[1] In medieval British Latin morbus podagricus is gout itself; a letter in the correspondence of Boniface in 743 speaks of a gouty humour.^[4]

Timeline

• 106–43 BC – Laberius uses it as a noun.^[7][6]
• c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of gouty people.^[7][6]
• 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca writes of gouty women.^[5][6]
• 743 – A letter in the Boniface correspondence uses it of a gouty humour.^[4]

Meanings

Adjective

1. Suffering from or subject to gout.^[1][5]
2. Relating to gout, gouty.^[1][4]

Noun

1. A person suffering from gout.^[1][5]

References

1. ^ a b c d e f g Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
2. ^ a b Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
3. ^ Saalfeld, Günther Alexander (1874), Index Graecorum vocabulorum in linguam latinam translatorum, Berlin: Weidmann
4. ^ a b c d Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press
5. ^ a b c d e f Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
6. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
7. ^ a b c d e Georges, Karl Ernst (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th ed., ed. Heinrich Georges, Hannover; Leipzig: Hahn
8. ^ Conte, Gian Biagio; Pianezzola, Emilio; Ranucci, Giuliano (2010), il Latino: Vocabolario della lingua latina, 3rd ed., Florence: Le Monnier