Etymologically
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nundinatio

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Forms

nūndinātiō f (genitive nūndinātiōnis); third declension[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin nūndinor (“to trade, traffic”) + -tiō.[2][1] The verb comes from nūndinae (“market day”), the market held every ninth day, which de Vaan derives from a form “of the ninth day”, made of novem (“nine”) and the stem of diēs (“day”).[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler dates it from Cicero,[4] who uses it in the Verrines of the trading in justice that Verres turned to his own profit.[5][6]

Semantic evolution

Lewis and Short take the holding of a market as the literal sense,[5] but the OLD finds it only of trading or trafficking in a bad sense.[2] Cicero uses it of bargaining over verdicts and decrees in the Verrines and, in his speech on the agrarian law, of a traffic in rights and fortunes.[5][7][8]

The Theodosian Code uses it for the market price, the rate at which supplies were valued,[7][8] and the Code of Justinian for bribery.[7][8] British medieval writers used it for trafficking and for a market or fair.[9]

Timeline

  • 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of trafficking in justice.[5][4]
  • 438 AD – The Theodosian Code uses it of the market price.[7][4]
  • 528–534 AD – The Code of Justinian uses it of bribery.[7][4]

Meanings

Noun

  1. Trading, trafficking, bargaining (in a bad sense).[2][5]
  2. (Late Latin) The market price.[7][8]
  3. (Late Latin) Bribery.[7][8]
  4. (Medieval Latin) A market, fair.[9]

References

  1. ^ a b Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  4. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  5. ^ a b c d e Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  6. ^ Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Georges, Karl Ernst (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th ed., ed. Heinrich Georges, Hannover; Leipzig: Hahn
  8. ^ a b c d e Conte, Gian Biagio; Pianezzola, Emilio; Ranucci, Giuliano (2010), il Latino: Vocabolario della lingua latina, 3rd ed., Florence: Le Monnier
  9. ^ a b Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press