Etymologically
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nauticus

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Pronunciation

  • Classical: [ˈnau̯.tɪ.kʊs][1]
  • Ecclesiastical: [ˈnaːu̯.ti.kus][1]

Forms

nauticus (feminine nautica, neuter nauticum); first/second-declension adjective[1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Ancient Greek ναυτικός (nautikós, “of ships, naval”),[2][1][3] from ναύτης (naútēs, “sailor”), from ναῦς (naûs, “ship”).[4] The TLL allows that it may instead be formed from the borrowed nauta (“sailor”).[5]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler records it from Cicero,[3] who speaks of spoils taken from ships, exuviis nauticis, and remarks that inhibere is wholly a sailors' word.[2][6]

Semantic evolution

It means belonging to ships, sailors or navigation:[2] Caesar has knowledge of nautical matters, Virgil the shout of sailors, and Pliny the Elder ship's bread.[6] In the jurist Scaevola money lent on a ship's cargo is pecunia nautica.[2] Of people it is seafaring, or of troops carried on board.[2] As a noun nauticī are sailors, in Livy and Pliny the Elder,[6] and in Medieval Latin nauticus is one of a ship's crew.[7]

Timeline

  • 81–43 BC – Cicero, of spoils from ships and of a sailors' word.[2][6][3]
  • c. 50 BC – Caesar, of knowledge of seamanship.[6][3]
  • 1550s – English forms nautical from nautic, from French nautique and this Latin word.[4]

Meanings

Adjective

  1. Of ships or sailors, nautical, naval.[2][6][1]
  2. Of money: lent on a ship's cargo.[2]
  3. Seafaring; of troops, carried on board ship.[2]

Noun

  1. (plural) Sailors, seamen.[6]
  2. (Medieval Latin) A member of a ship's crew.[7]

Word family

  • nauticī

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  4. ^ a b Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
  5. ^ Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  7. ^ a b Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill