Etymologically
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laxitas

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Pronunciation

  • IPA (Classical): [ˈɫak.sɪ.taːs][1]
  • IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈlak.si.tas][1]

Forms

laxitās f (genitive laxitātis); third declension[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin laxus (“loose, wide”) + -tās.[2][1] De Vaan reconstructs ⟨laxus⟩ as Proto-Italic ⟨*(s)lakso-⟩, from ⟨*slǵ-so-⟩ “weak, faint”, related to langueō.[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

The OLD's earliest citation is Cicero, of the roominess of a house.[2][4] Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.[5]

Semantic evolution

It meant spaciousness, roominess, as of a house in Cicero; a wide area, expanse, and a relaxed condition, absence of strain, as in Seneca; and freedom of movement.[2][4][6] Lewis & Short call it rare but classical.[4]

British Medieval Latin used it for spaciousness.[7] English laxity (1520s) is from it through French.[8]

Timeline

  • 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it.[2][5]
  • 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of expanse and relaxation.[2][5]
  • 1520s – English laxity is recorded.[8]

Meanings

Noun

  1. Spaciousness, roominess, width.[2][4]
  2. An expanse.[2]
  3. Freedom of movement; relaxation, laxity.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  4. ^ a b c d Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  5. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  6. ^ Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
  7. ^ Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press
  8. ^ a b Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com