Etymologically
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indemnatus

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Pronunciation

  • Classical: [ɪn.dɛmˈnaː.tʊs][1]
  • Ecclesiastical: [in.demˈnaː.tus][1]

Forms

indemnātus (feminine indemnāta, neuter indemnātum); first/second-declension adjective[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin in- (“not”) + damnātus (“condemned”), the past participle of damnō.[2][1][3] De Vaan traces damnum (“loss, penalty”), from which the verb is formed, to Proto-Italic *dapno- and Proto-Indo-European *dh₂p-no- (“expense, investment”).[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

Lewis & Short's first example is from Plautus: uncondemned and intestate.[5][6]

Semantic evolution

It is said of one not found guilty in a court, uncondemned: Cicero speaks of the goods of uncondemned citizens, and Livy of what may not be done to a man uncondemned and unheard.[2][5] Velleius uses it of putting a citizen to death without trial, and Ammianus also has it.[5] Manuscripts also spell it ⟨indamnātus⟩, and some with ⟨-mpn-⟩.[3][2] Church Latin glosses it uncondemned.[7]

Timeline

  • c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a man uncondemned.[5][6]
  • 81–43 BC – Cicero of the goods of uncondemned citizens.[5][6]
  • 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of a man uncondemned and unheard.[5][6]
  • c. 390 AD – Ammianus uses it.[5][6]

Meanings

Adjective

  1. Not found guilty, uncondemned, unsentenced.[2][5][1][7]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ a b Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
  4. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  6. ^ a b c d e Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  7. ^ a b Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson