frustror

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [ˈfruːs.trɔr]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈfrus.tror]^[1]

Forms

frūstror (present infinitive frūstrārī, perfect active frūstrātus sum); first conjugation, deponent^[1] An active frūstrō, -āre is also found.^[2][3]

Etymology

It is from frūstrā “in vain” with the verb suffix -ō.^[2][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The OLD's earliest citation is from Ennius, of deluding.^[2] Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^[4]

Semantic evolution

It meant to deceive with false hopes, delude, trick, as in Ennius, Plautus' Amphitruo, Terence and Cicero; to make vain, baffle, evade, frustrate efforts, as in Livy; and in the passive to fail in one's aim, be baffled, as in Sallust.^[2][5]

In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to annul, make void, deceive, frustrate.^[6]

Timeline

• 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it.^[2][4]
• c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^[5][4]
• 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of frustrating efforts.^[2][4]

Meanings

Verb

1. To deceive, delude, disappoint.^[2]
2. To baffle, evade, frustrate.^[2]
3. (passive) To be baffled, fail.^[2]

Word family

• dēfrūstror
• frūstrāmen
• frūstrātiō
• frūstrātus

Related words

• frūstrā
• fallō

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
4. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
5. ^ a b Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
6. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson