fatigatio

Pronunciation

• Classical: [fa.tiːˈɡaː.ti.oː]^[1]
• Ecclesiastical: [fa.tiˈɡat.t͡si.o]^[1]

Forms

fatīgātiō f (genitive fatīgātiōnis); third declension^[1]

Etymology

It is from Latin fatīgō (“to tire, weary”) + -tiō.^[2][3][4][1]

Earliest recorded meaning

The TLL and Köbler find it first in Livy,^[4][5] who uses it of the weariness of horses and men.^[3][4]

Semantic evolution

Lewis and Short think it perhaps not older than Augustus, Cicero and Caesar using dēfatīgātiō instead, and note that it is stronger than lassitūdō: Celsus says exercise should end in a tiredness that stops short of fatīgātiō.^[3] Quintilian uses it often, of the fatigue of speaking and of sweat and weariness.^[4][3] Columella applies it to land worn out by cropping.^[2][6] Ammianus uses it of the weary themselves.^[3]

From the sense of wearing someone out it came to mean teasing or banter in Eutropius and Sulpicius Severus, and the plural means witticisms in Sidonius Apollinaris.^[3][6] In the Church it meant toil.^[7] Medieval Latin used it for effort and trouble, for harassment, for a complaint at law, and for reprisals.^[8]

Timeline

• 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of the weariness of horses and men.^[4][3][5]
• 14–37 AD – Celsus sets it beyond ordinary tiredness.^[3][5]
• 1st century AD – Columella uses it of exhausted land.^[6][5]
• c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian uses it often.^[4][5]
• c. 370 AD – Eutropius uses it of banter.^[3][5]

Meanings

Noun

1. Fatigue, weariness, exhaustion; of land, exhaustion of the soil.^[2][3][6]
2. (Late Latin) Teasing, banter;^[3][6] (plural) witticisms.^[3][6]
3. (Medieval Latin) Trouble, harassment; a complaint at law; reprisals.^[8]

References

1. ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
4. ^ a b c d e f Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
5. ^ a b c d e f Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
6. ^ a b c d e f Conte, Gian Biagio; Pianezzola, Emilio; Ranucci, Giuliano (2010), il Latino: Vocabolario della lingua latina, 3rd ed., Florence: Le Monnier
7. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
8. ^ a b Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill