Etymologically
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detrudo

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Pronunciation

  • Classical: [deːˈtruː.doː][1]
  • Ecclesiastical: [deˈtruː.do][1]

Forms

dētrūdō (present infinitive dētrūdere, perfect active dētrūsī, supine dētrūsum); third conjugation[1] Plautus has the short perfect dētrūstī for dētrūsistī.[2][3] A line of Lucilius has the participle dētrūssus.[2][3]

Etymology

It is from Latin dē- (“down, away”) + trūdō (“to thrust”).[2][3][1] De Vaan traces trūdō to Proto-Italic *treude/o- and Proto-Indo-European *treud- (“to push, thrust”).[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

De Vaan dates it from Plautus,[4] whose Mercator tells someone in the crowded lanes to push aside and shove away those coming the other way.[2]

Semantic evolution

It means to push away or thrust off, and to force to go, drive off or down: Plautus threatens to drive people off to the mills and then to the well, and Lucilius speaks of someone thrust out of Italy.[2] Cicero defines a man thrust out as one removed by force and driven headlong.[5] Figuratively it is to force someone into a worse situation, or out of an opinion, as Cicero complains of those who pushed him from his view.[2] It can also mean to postpone, as Cicero writes of someone who would put off the elections until Caesar's arrival.[2] Church Latin glosses it force away, thrust down.[6]

Timeline

  • c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of pushing people aside.[2][7]
  • c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius of someone driven out of Italy.[2][7]
  • 81–43 BC – Cicero of forcing people and postponing elections.[2][7]
  • c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius of a boat forced to the far bank.[2][7]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To push away, thrust off.[2][5][1]
  2. To force to go, drive off or down; to dislodge, expel.[2][5][1]
  3. To force into a less desirable situation; to force out of an opinion or position.[2][5][1]
  4. To postpone.[2]

Word family

  • detrusio

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ a b c Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
  4. ^ a b de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  5. ^ a b c d Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  6. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
  7. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de