Etymologically
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convoco

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Pronunciation

  • IPA (Classical): [ˈkɔn.wɔ.koː][1]
  • IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkɔɱ.vo.ko][1]

Forms

convocō (present infinitive convocāre, perfect active convocāvī, supine convocātum); first conjugation[1]

Etymology

It is from con- “together” and vocō “to call”.[2][1][3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Georges and Gaffiot cite it from Cicero, of summoning the Senate and of calling men to social life.[4][5] Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.[6]

Semantic evolution

It meant to call together, convoke, assemble, muster, as Cicero's senātum convocāre and Caesar's convocātō cōnsiliō “having called a council”,[4][7] and in Statius to bring together a substance, as a serpent its venom.[2]

In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to call together.[8] It survives in Italian convocare, French convoquer and Spanish convocar, and through French it gave English convoke in the 1590s; its participle gave English convocate in the 1540s.[1][3]

Timeline

  • 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of assembling.[4][6]
  • c. 45–96 AD – Statius uses it of gathering venom.[2][6]
  • 1590s – English convoke is recorded.[3]

Meanings

Verb

  1. To call together, convoke, assemble.[2]
  2. To bring together, collect.[2]
  • vocō
  • convocātiō
  • English convoke

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  3. ^ a b c Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
  4. ^ a b c Georges, Karl Ernst (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th ed., ed. Heinrich Georges, Hannover; Leipzig: Hahn
  5. ^ Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
  6. ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  7. ^ Lewis, Charlton T. (1890), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: American Book Company
  8. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson