consultum

Pronunciation

• IPA (Classical): [kõːˈsʊɫ.tũː]^[1]
• IPA (Ecclesiastical): [konˈsul.tum]^[1]

Forms

cōnsultum n (genitive cōnsultī); second declension^[1]

Etymology

It is the neuter of cōnsultus, perfect participle of cōnsulō “to deliberate, decide”, used as a noun.^[2][3][4]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler's earliest source is Cicero, whom he dates 81–43 BC, and Gaffiot cites his facta et cōnsulta “deeds and designs”.^[4][3]

Semantic evolution

It was a decision, resolution, plan, as in Cicero and Livy, and an oracle's response, as in Virgil.^[2][3]

In Ecclesiastical Latin it was a resolution, decree.^[5] The adverb cōnsultō “deliberately” belongs with it.^[3]

Timeline

• 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it.^[3][4]
• 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of an oracle.^[2][4]
• 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of a resolution.^[2][4]

Meanings

Noun

1. A decision, resolution, plan; a decree.^[2][5]
2. An oracular response.^[2]

Word family

• senātūscōnsultum
• cōnsultē
• cōnsultō

Related words

• cōnsulō

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b c d e Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
4. ^ a b c d e Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
5. ^ a b Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson