Etymologically
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collectus

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collectus1 compact

Forms

collēctus (feminine collēcta, neuter collēctum, comparative collēctior); first/second-declension adjective[1][2]

Etymology

The adjective is the perfect passive participle from Latin colligō1 (“to gather, collect”), used as an adjective.[1][2][3] De Vaan lists ⟨colligere⟩ among the compounds of legō2 (“to gather”), which goes back to Proto-Italic *leg-e- and Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-e/o- (“to collect”).[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

Georges, Gaffiot and Conte cite Tacitus' Dialogus for a terse and concentrated style of speaking, adstrictum et collectum dicendi genus.[2][3][5][6]

Semantic evolution

Besides the senses of the verb, it means compact or drawn together:[1] a declamation of Calpurnius Flaccus contrasts bodies that are more compact with others that are more spread out.[1][2] It also meant restricted or modest: Apuleius says he will be the happier the more restricted his way of life.[1][3][5] Tertullian uses the comparative of time that is shorter, and an Old Latin version of 1 Corinthians has tempus in collecto est, the time is short.[2] In Ecclesiastical Latin it means contracted, narrow or shut.[7]

Timeline

  • 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of a concise style.[2][6]
  • c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses the comparative of a restricted life.[1][6]
  • c. 160–220 AD – Tertullian uses it of shortened time.[2][6]

Meanings

Adjective

  1. Compact, drawn together;[1][2] (of style) concise.[1][2]
  2. Restricted, modest.[1][3]
  3. (of time) Short.[2]

collectus2 heap

Forms

collēctus m (genitive collēctūs); fourth declension[1][2]

Etymology

The noun is from Latin colligō1 (“to gather, collect”) + -tus, an action noun of the fourth declension.[1][8]

Earliest recorded meaning

It is found first in Lucretius,[6][3] who uses it of a collection of water and of a heap of stones.[9][2]

Semantic evolution

It means a heap or pile, or an accumulation of liquid:[1] the poem Aetna and Frontinus use it of collected rainwater.[8][2] Tertullian uses it of a collection of gold and silver.[9]

Timeline

  • 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of collected water and of a heap of stones.[9][6]
  • 37–68 AD – The Aetna uses it of collected water.[8][6]
  • c. 160–220 AD – Tertullian uses it of a hoard of gold and silver.[9][6]

Meanings

Noun

  1. A heap, pile; an accumulation of liquid.[1][2]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Georges, Karl Ernst (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th ed., ed. Heinrich Georges, Hannover; Leipzig: Hahn
  3. ^ a b c d e Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
  4. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
  5. ^ a b Conte, Gian Biagio; Pianezzola, Emilio; Ranucci, Giuliano (2010), il Latino: Vocabolario della lingua latina, 3rd ed., Florence: Le Monnier
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  7. ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
  8. ^ a b c Thesaurus linguae Latinae (1900–), Leipzig: Teubner; Berlin: De Gruyter; open-access ed., Munich: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
  9. ^ a b c d Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press