circumsedeo
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Pronunciation
Forms
circumsedeō (present infinitive circumsedēre, perfect active circumsēdī, supine circumsessum); second conjugation[1] Also circumsideō, in Mela and Tacitus.[2]
Etymology
It is from Latin circum- (“around”) + sedeō (“to sit”).[2][1] De Vaan traces ⟨sedeō⟩ to Proto-Italic *sed-ē- (“to be seated”), from Proto-Indo-European *sed-eh₁- (“to be seated”).[3]
Earliest recorded meaning
The OLD's earliest citations are from Cicero, of blockading and of sitting round.[2] Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.[4]
Semantic evolution
It meant to surround, blockade, besiege, as in Cicero; to sit round a person, as in Seneca's flōrentēs amīcōrum turba circumsedet “a crowd of friends sits round the prosperous”; and to live or be settled round.[2][5]
In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to sit around.[6]
Timeline
- 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a blockade.[2][4]
- 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of friends sitting round.[5][4]
Meanings
Verb
Word family
- circumsessiō
- circumsessus
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
- ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
- ^ a b Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
- ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson