chronicus
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Pronunciation
Forms
chronicus (feminine chronica, neuter chronicum); first/second-declension adjective[1]
Etymology
It is borrowed from Ancient Greek χρονικός (khronikós, “of time”), from ⟨khrónos⟩ “time”.[2][1][3]
Earliest recorded meaning
Köbler's first source is Pliny the Elder, whom he dates 23/24–79 AD.[4]
Semantic evolution
It meant pertaining to time, written in the form of annals, and Gellius has librī chronicī “chronicles”, and the neuter plural chronica was a chronicle.[2][5][6]
In medicine it was used of lasting illnesses: British Medieval Latin used it for chronic, and as a noun a chronic illness.[7] Through Old French chronique it gave English chronic in the early 15th century, of diseases “lasting a long time”, and chronica gave English chronicle.[3]
Timeline
- 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it.[4]
- c. 165 AD – Gellius has librī chronicī.[5][4]
- early 15th century – English chronic is recorded.[3]
Meanings
Adjective
Word family
- chronicum
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^ a b c Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
- ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
- ^ a b c Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ^ Gaffiot, Félix (2016), Dictionnaire latin-français, new ed. by Gérard Gréco et al. (Gaffiot 2016), online ed.
- ^ a b Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press