Etymologically
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bordum

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Pronunciation

  • Classical: [ˈbɔr.dũː][1]
  • Ecclesiastical: [ˈbɔr.dum][1]

Forms

bordum n (genitive bordī); second declension[1] Niermeyer and Wiktionary also record borda and bordo (genitive bordōnis), and Wiktionary bordus.[2][1]

Etymology

It is borrowed from Frankish *bord (“board, plank”).[1][2] Köbler traces the Germanic word to Proto-Germanic *burdą (“board, table”), and that to Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥dʰo- (“board”), perhaps from a root Proto-Indo-European *bʰeredʰ- (“to cut”).[3]

Earliest recorded meaning

Köbler's first record is a charter of 992, where it means a board or plank.[3]

Semantic evolution

Besides a single plank, it was used for planks taken together.[1] At sea it meant the side of a ship, shipboard, the sense of its Romance descendants Old French bord and Italian and Spanish bordo.[2][1][4] British sources write the word borda.[5] Du Cange also cites it from the statutes of Asti for a kind of striped cloth, Italian bordo.[6]

A derivative, Medieval Latin bordūra, passed into French as bordure and gave English border.[1][4]

Timeline

  • 992 – A charter uses it for a board.[3]
  • mid-14th century – English border appears, from Old French bordeure, from the same Germanic word.[4]

Meanings

Noun

  1. (Medieval Latin) A plank, board.[2][1][3]
  2. (Medieval Latin) Planks taken together.[1]
  3. (Medieval Latin) The side of a ship; shipboard.[2][1]
  4. (Medieval Latin) A kind of striped cloth.[6]

Word family

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
  2. ^ a b c d e Niermeyer, J. F. (1976), Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden: Brill
  3. ^ a b c d Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
  4. ^ a b c Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
  5. ^ Latham, R. E., D. R. Howlett, R. K. Ashdowne, et al. (1975–2013), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: British Academy / Oxford University Press
  6. ^ a b du Cange, Charles du Fresne, et al. (1883–1887), Glossarium mediae et infimae latinitatis, augmented ed. by Léopold Favre, Niort: L. Favre