augesco

Forms

augēscō (present infinitive augēscere); third conjugation, no passive, no perfect or supine stems^[1] The OLD gives the perfect auxī.^[2]

Etymology

It is from Latin augeō (“to increase”) + -scō, the inchoative of the verb.^[2][1][3] De Vaan traces augeō to Proto-Italic *augeje/o- and Proto-Indo-European *h₂eug- (“to grow”), comparing Sanskrit उक्षति (ukṣáti, “grows”), Ancient Greek αὔξω (aúxō, “to increase”) and Lithuanian áugti (“to grow”).^[4]

Earliest recorded meaning

De Vaan dates it from Naevius,^[4] in whom hunger grows sharp for the enemy.^[2][5]

Semantic evolution

It is to grow or increase in size, number or strength: Ennius addresses those who wish the Roman state and Latium to grow, Lucretius says some peoples increase while others decline, and Mela has the Po swollen by other rivers.^[2] Cicero uses it of seeds that arise and grow through warmth, Lucretius of arts that are still developing, Statius of shades honoured by a funeral.^[2] Of feelings it is to grow stronger.^[2] Church Latin glosses it to increase.^[6]

Timeline

• c. 235–200 BC – Naevius of growing hunger.^[2][4][5]
• 204–169 BC – Ennius of the growth of Rome.^[2][5]
• 96–55 BC – Lucretius of growing peoples and arts.^[2][5]
• 81–43 BC – Cicero of growing seeds.^[2][5]
• 43/44 AD – Mela of a river swollen by others.^[2][5]

Meanings

Verb

1. To increase in size, amount or number; of a river, to rise.^[2][3][1]
2. Of living things, to grow; of arts, to develop.^[2][3]
3. To increase in power, prosper; to be honoured.^[2]
4. Of a feeling or condition, to grow stronger.^[2][6]

Word family

• adaugēscō

Related words

• augeō

References

1. ^ a b c Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
3. ^ a b c Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
4. ^ a b c de Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages, Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 7, Leiden; Boston: Brill
5. ^ a b c d e f Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
6. ^ a b Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson