affluo
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Pronunciation
Forms
affluō (present infinitive affluere, perfect active afflūxī, supine afflūxum); third conjugation, impersonal in the passive[1] It is also spelled adfluō.[2]
Etymology
It is from ad- and fluō “to flow”.[2][1][3]
Earliest recorded meaning
The OLD's earliest citations are from Cicero, of abounding.[2] Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.[4]
Semantic evolution
It meant to flow towards or into, as in Pliny the Elder, and in Ovid of the tide to flow in.[2] In Livy it meant to flow past, in Virgil of people to come flocking, and in Cicero to abound, be rich in, and to be present in plenty.[2]
In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to flow to, abound, be wealthy.[5] It survives in Italian affluire and French affluer.[1] Its participle affluēns gave English affluent in the early 15th century.[3]
Timeline
- 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of abounding.[2][4]
- 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of crowds.[2][4]
- early 15th century – English affluent is recorded.[3]
Meanings
Verb
Word family
- affluentia
- affluēns
- affluenter
Related words
References
- ^ a b c d e Wiktionary, the free dictionary, https://en.wiktionary.org
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Glare, P. G. W., ed. (2012), Oxford Latin Dictionary, 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press
- ^ a b c Harper, Douglas. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com
- ^ a b c Köbler, Gerhard (2010), Lateinisches Abkunfts- und Wirkungswörterbuch für Altertum und Mittelalter, online ed., koeblergerhard.de
- ^ Stelten, Leo F. (1995), Dictionary of Ecclesiastical Latin, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson