Italian words first recorded in the 13th century

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *pagēnsis, from the Late Latin adjective pāgēnsis (“of a country district; inhabitant of a district”), formed from Latin pāgus (“village; country district”). The…

DELI calls it a learned word, borrowed from Latin parēns (“parent”) (accusative parentem). Nocentini counts it among the inherited words found across the Romance languages. The Latin word meant…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *passāre (“to step, to go through”), a verb formed in spoken Latin from the noun passus (“step, pace”). DEI describes it as a verb of Italy and the western Romance…

1. The adjective “withered” is inherited from Latin passus (“spread out”), the past participle of pandō (“to spread out”), because grapes and other fruit were spread out in the sun to dry. Latin…

It is inherited from Latin peccātum (“error, fault; sin”), the past participle of peccō (“to make a mistake, do wrong”) used as a noun. Zingarelli calls it a learned word, but the DÉRom reconstructs…

It is from Italian per + che, first a phrase and later written as one word. The dictionaries number their headwords ⟨che⟩ differently, and Treccani leaves open which of its two it contains. DEI…

It is inherited from Latin perdō (“to destroy, waste; to lose”), formed from per- (“beyond”), here marking a turn for the worse, and dō (“to give”). The verb is pan-Romance: French perdre, Occitan…

It is inherited from Late Latin perdōnāre (“to grant; to forgive”), a verb recorded in Medieval Latin from the 10th century. It was formed from dōnō (“to give as a gift”) with the prefix per-; DELI…

It is inherited from Latin pectus (“breast, chest”). The word is panromance: Old French piz, Old Occitan peitz, Catalan pit, Spanish pecho, Portuguese peito, Sardinian pettus and Romanian piept. The…

It is inherited from Latin plangere (“to strike, beat; to beat one's breast, mourn”). The sense moved from striking to weeping through the gesture of beating one's breast in grief; Migliorini notes…

It is inherited from Latin pēs (“foot”), from the accusative pedem. The stressed short /e/ of Latin became the diphthong /jɛ/. The same word is French pied, Occitan pe, Catalan peu, Spanish pie…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *plŏia, from *plovia, which replaced classical Latin pluvia (“rain”). The vowel was taken from plŏvere, a later form of pluō (“to rain”) that is recorded from…

It is inherited from Latin paucus (“few, little”), from the accusative ⟨paucum⟩; the Latin adjective was used mostly in the plural, ⟨pauci⟩ “few”. The word is continued across the Romance languages…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *pos, the archaic and popular form of Latin post (“after; behind”). Devoto explains the final ⟨-i⟩ by the regular change of a final vowel plus ⟨s⟩ into a vowel plus…

1. The harbour is inherited from Latin portus (“passage, entrance; harbour”), a word of Indo-European origin related to Latin porta (“gate”). The sense “passage” survives in Spanish puerto and…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *putia according to Nocentini and Devoto–Oli, a noun formed on Latin pūteō (“to stink”). GRADIT and Sabatini–Coletti treat it instead as a variant of the masculine…

It is inherited from Latin reprehendō (“to hold back; to blame”), in its shortened form reprendō, from prehendō (“to seize”) with the prefix re- (“again, back”). DELI and the GDLI call it a learned…

It is borrowed from Frankish *rauba (“booty; armour; garment”), a Germanic word that meant both the spoils of war and the clothes taken as spoils. Nocentini calls the source West Germanic…

It is inherited from Latin sānus (“healthy, sound”). The word is pan-Romance: French sain, Occitan sa, Catalan sa, Spanish sano, Portuguese são, Sardinian sanu, Friulian san and Romansh saun…

It is borrowed from Old Occitan semblar, from Late Latin similāre (“to resemble”), a verb formed on Latin similis (“like, similar”). The Occitan verb has kin in French sembler, Catalan semblar and…

It is a derivative from Italian sicuro + -ezza, formed in Italian. The adjective continues Latin sēcūrus (“free from care, safe”), a compound of sē(d) (“without”) and cūra (“care, anxiety”), so…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *expaventāre, an intensive of Latin expaveō (“to be terrified at”), which is formed from ex- and paveō (“to be frightened”). Devoto and Wiktionary derive the Vulgar…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *spērantia, a noun formed from spērāns (“hoping”), the present participle of Latin spērō (“to hope”). DEI and GRADIT give the Latin noun as Late Latin. Treccani…

It is inherited from Latin spissus (“thick, dense”). The adverb “often” is the adjective used adverbially, through the sense “numerous, frequent”. The word is panromance: French épais, Occitan…

It is inherited from Late Latin spōnsāre (“to betroth, marry”), an intensive of spondeō (“to pledge, promise”). The GDLI derives it from spōnsus (“bridegroom”), the noun behind sposo. DEI holds that…

It is inherited from Latin statiō (“a standing still; place, abode”). The Latin noun is formed from stō (“to stand”). Nocentini explains the sense “season” from astronomy: it referred to the…

It is inherited from Old Italian istoria, borrowed from Latin historia (“inquiry; history; story”), from Ancient Greek ἱστορία (historía, “inquiry; account, history”). The Greek noun is formed from…

It is inherited from Old Italian stranio, inherited from Latin extrāneus (“external, foreign; strange”), the popular outcome of the Latin word, whose learned doublet is estraneo. Nocentini, DEI and…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *toccāre (“to knock, to tap lightly with the hand”), formed on the imitative sound sequence ⟨tocc-⟩, the knock of a blow. DELI calls this, first proposed by…

It is inherited from Latin tollō (“to lift, raise; to take away, remove”). DELI points out that the regular outcome was Old Italian torre, from a form with ⟨-lr-⟩ assimilated, and DEI explains the…

It is inherited from Latin tuus (“your”), from Latin tū (“you”). DELI calls the line of descent unclear: a Latin ⟨tŭ-⟩ would give Italian ⟨tuo-⟩, as the plural ⟨tuoi⟩ shows, so a spoken variant…

It is formed from Italian vero + -mente, with the feminine ⟨vera⟩ before the adverbial suffix, as in all adverbs in ⟨-mente⟩. The Italian Wikizionario traces it to a Latin phrase vērā mente “with a…

It is inherited from Latin vincō (“to conquer, overcome”). The same verb is French vaincre, Occitan venser, Catalan vencer, Spanish vencer, Portuguese vencer, Sardinian bìnchere and Romanian…

It is inherited from Latin vōs (“you (plural)”). The word is panromance: French vous, Occitan vos, Catalan vos, Spanish vos, Portuguese vos, Sardinian vois, Romansh vus and Romanian voi. Nocentini…

DELI, Nocentini and DEI treat it as a learned word, borrowed from Latin admittere (“to let in, admit; to grant”), with its stressed vowel taken from the native mettere. The Latin verb is a compound…

It is formed from Italian andare + -ata: the feminine past participle of the verb, used as a noun. The LEI treats andare and its derivatives under Latin ambulō (“to walk”), and stresses how hard the…

The noun is borrowed from Latin animal (“living being, animal”) and the adjective animālis (“living, animate”), both from anima (“breath, soul”). The noun is the adjective's neuter animāle used as a…

It is borrowed from Latin āctor (“doer, performer; pleader”), a learned word. The Latin noun is the agent noun of agō (“to drive, do, act”), formed from its past participle āctus with the suffix…

It is inherited from Latin cerebellum, a diminutive of cerebrum (“brain”). The diminutive was a cooking term, and in popular Latin, as in Petronius, it took the place of the base word. The feminine…

It is inherited from Late Latin cōleō (“testicle”), a noun of the Latin glossaries, with the stem ⟨cōleōn-⟩, formed on classical cōleus (“testicle; scrotum”). Nocentini reconstructs the spoken form…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin continuus (“uninterrupted”), from contineō (“to hold together”), from com- and teneō (“to hold”). Devoto compares the relation of contiguus to tangō and of…

It is the feminine of corso, the past participle of correre (“to run”), used as a noun. Devoto describes it the same way. DEI notes that French course (late 14th century), which replaced the…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin crīmen (“charge, accusation; crime”). GRADIT, Zingarelli and Gabrielli start from the Latin ablative, which Late Latin also used as a nominative. Iacopone's…

It is inherited from Latin cūlus (“backside, anus”), a word recorded in Latin from Catullus on. It survives in every Romance language without exception, so the DÉRom reconstructs a Proto-Romance…

It is inherited from Late Latin dēmenticāre (“to go out of one's mind”), a verb of the Latin glosses. DELI and Devoto derive it from dēmenticus (“out of one's mind”), made of dē- and Latin mēns…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin hebraeus, from Ancient Greek Ἑβραῖος (Hebraîos). The Greek word comes from Aramaic עִבְרַי (ʿiḇray), the Aramaic form of Biblical Hebrew עִבְרִי (ʿiḇrī…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin aedificium (“building”), from aedificō (“to build”) with the suffix -ium. The verb is formed aedēs (“house; temple”) and the stem of faciō (“to make”). The…

It is a learned borrowing, borrowed from Latin expertus (“experienced; tested”), the past participle of experior (“to try, test, experience”). As a noun, “an expert”, it is a calque of French…

It is borrowed from Latin fāmōsus (“much talked of; notorious”), formed fāma (“report, reputation”) and -ōsus (“full of”). The Latin adjective often meant “of bad repute”, and Devoto thinks its…

It is the past participle of fidare (“to trust”), used as an adjective. The verb continues a Vulgar Latin *fīdāre (“to trust”), a remake of classical Latin fīdere (“to trust”). The same verb is…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin generālis (“belonging to a kind or species”), from genus (“birth, race, kind”) and the suffix -ālis. It was spread through Late Latin and the medieval…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin gigās (“giant”). The Latin word is a borrowing of Ancient Greek γίγας (gígas), the name of the mythical sons of Earth who fought the gods; it was already an…

It is a learned word, borrowed from Latin tranquillus (“calm, still”), an adjective used by Latin writers from Plautus on, above all of the sea. The same Latin adjective gave French tranquille (14th…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *bastāre, a verb not recorded in classical Latin; Medieval Latin has “bastare” in Uguccione's dictionary. The same verb is Old Occitan bastar, Catalan bastar…

It is inherited from Vulgar Latin *capitānus (“chief, principal”), formed from Latin caput (“head”) (genitive ⟨capitis⟩); Late Latin had the similar capitāneus (“outstanding in size”). The LEI…

It is borrowed from Latin praesentia (“presence”), a learned word. The Latin noun is formed from praesēns (“present”) with the abstract suffix -ia. French présence and Spanish presencia come from it…

It is the past participle of accorgersi “to notice”, inherited from Vulgar Latin *accorrigere, made from Latin corrigō (“to straighten, correct”) with the prefix ad-. DELI and DEI explain the change…

For Nocentini, GRADIT and Devoto–Oli it is inherited from Vulgar Latin *assimiliāre, built on Latin similis (“like, similar”) with the prefix ad-. Meyer-Lübke set up the same base, with the outcomes…

It is inherited from Latin forma (“form, shape; mould; beauty”). DELI, however, classes it with its derivatives among the learned words taken from Latin. The word is found across Romance: French…

It is a Germanic loan: borrowed from Frankish *wardōn (“to be on guard, watch”), which came into Italian through the Latinized form guardāre, recorded from the 7th century. DELI and Nocentini call…